Evolution of Structural, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Produced by Sol-Gel Technique During Sintering Treatment

Jabbar, Rihab; Alluaibi, Mohammed; Shahatha, Sara; Hasan, Dhuha

doi:10.22068/ijmse.4451

Volume 23, Issue 3 (September 2026) IJMSE 2026, 23(3): 123-137 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.22068/ijmse.4451

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Jabbar R, Alluaibi M, Shahatha S, Hasan D. Evolution of Structural, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Produced by Sol-Gel Technique During Sintering Treatment. IJMSE 2026; 23 (3) :123-137
URL: http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/article-1-4451-en.html

Evolution of Structural, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Produced by Sol-Gel Technique During Sintering Treatment

Rihab Jabbar

, Mohammed Alluaibi

, Sara Shahatha

, Dhuha Hasan

Abstract: (2671 Views)

This study investigates the effect of sintering temperature on the structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄ NPs) synthesized by the sol–gel method. The samples were sintered at 400°C–1000°C for 2 h and characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, AFM, dielectric and VSM measurements. XRD confirmed the formation of a stable cubic spinel structure, with crystallite size increasing from 10.71 to 16.09 nm and porosity decreasing with increasing sintering temperature. SEM and AFM showed progressive grain growth and improved grain connectivity, with the sample at 800°C exhibiting the most uniform morphology before excessive grain growth occurred at 1000°C. The dielectric response showed decreasing real and imaginary permittivity with increasing frequency, while the sample at 800°C exhibited the lowest dielectric loss (tan δ ≈ 2 at 1 kHz). Magnetic measurements revealed ferrimagnetic behavior, with saturation magnetization increasing from 27.5 emu/g at 400°C to 68 emu/g at 1000°C, whereas coercivity reached a maximum of 715 Oe at 800°C. Overall, sintering at 800°C provided the best balance between microstructural uniformity, low dielectric loss and magnetic performance, making it a strong candidate for further evaluation in high-frequency and multifunctional magnetic applications.

Keywords: Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, sol-gel technique, sintering temperature, structural properties, dielectric properties