en گروه سرامیک Ceramic Materials and Engineering Research Paper Research Paper <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height:150%">Gas-phase methods for graphite/graphene production, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), yield high-quality products but demand catalysts, substrates, high-purity hydrocarbon gases, specialized furnaces, and temperatures exceeding 1000 &deg;C. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of highly graphitized films with crystalline domains via low-temperature carbonization (900 &deg;C) of nanoporous polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) microspheres, without reliance on a CVD system or catalysts. The films formed on the inner surface of the furnace quartz tube and were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Raman spectrum revealed a high graphitization degree (I_D1/I_G = 0.78), surpassing reported values for catalyst-free plasma- or low-pressure-assisted CVD. XRD showed a sharp diffraction peak at 2&theta; = 26.37&deg; (d = 3.37 &Aring;), exactly matching the (002) plane of Graphite-2H, while HRTEM and selected area electron diffraction confirmed crystalline domains with p63/mmc symmetry. We propose that </span><span style="line-height:150%">the intricate network of nanopores as nanoreactors in </span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height:150%">PDVB microspheres enables the generation and controlled release of fused benzene rings into the quartz tube, where they condense to form crystalline films. </span>This approach reveals how a nanoscale confinement can be translated into a macroscopic, scalable route, <span lang="EN-US" style="line-height:150%">offering a low-cost and facile method for graphite or graphene production.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Nanoreactor,Graphite,Non-Graphitizing,Catalyst-Free,Nanoconfinement 1 22 http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6206-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Aliyeh Afzalalghom a_afzalalghom@metaleng.iust.ac.ir 1800319475328460022104 1800319475328460022104 Yes School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Ali Beitollahi beitolla@iust.ac.i 1800319475328460022105 1800319475328460022105 No School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Seyed Mohammad Mirkazemi mirkazemi@iust.ac.ir 1800319475328460022106 1800319475328460022106 No School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Mahdi Maleki Malekim@iust.ac.ir 1800319475328460022107 1800319475328460022107 No School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Hossein Sarpoolaky hsarpoolaky@iust.ac.ir 1800319475328460022108 1800319475328460022108 No School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)